Kundaram Fm

Pranhita-Godavari Basin: Ray (1997) designated the lithostratigraphic unit between the Barakar Fm and Kamthi Fm as the Kundaram Formation after the village Kundaram in Adilabad district, Telengana. [Original Publication: Ray, S., 1997. Some contributions to the Lower Gondwana stratigraphy of the Pranhita-Godavari valley, Deccan India. Journal Geological Society India 50 (5), 633-640.]

[Figure 1: Geological map of the P-G valley with an inset map of India (A) showing the location of P-G valley (after Kutty et al., 1987) and the geology near Goleti (B) (Ray & Bandyopadhyay, 2003)]

Synonyms: Infra-Kamthi (Bose and Sengupta, 1993)

Clayey sandstone. It is characterized by the presence of red mudstone, sandstone, sandstone-mudstone alternations and ferruginous shale (Ray, 1997).

[Figure 2: Measured lithologs of the Kundaram Formation in the eastern part (A, B) and western part (C) of the geological map B ( see above) (after Ray & Bandyopadhyay, 2003)]

Reptiles: Endothiodon uniseries (Owen 1879), Endothiodon mahalanobisi (Ray 2000), ? Oudenodon sp. (King 1992), Kingoria sp. (Ray and Bandyopadhyay 2003), Emydops platyceps (Broom and Haughton 1917), Cistecephalus microrhinus (Owen 1876), Pristerodon mackayi (Huxley 1868), Sauroscaptor tharavati (Kammerer et al., 2016), Captorhinidae indet. (Kutty 1972), Gorgonopsia indet. (Ray and Bandyopadhyay 2003)

The sediments were deposited by anastomosing or multiple channel systems. The sand bodies were deposited by the lateral migration and avulsion of channels over which lies the overbank deposits represented by siltstone and mudstone. Towards top, mudstone contains occasional lenses of channel fill sandstone (Ray, 1997).

References

Bose, A., Sengupta, S., 1993. Infra-Kamthi of the Central Godavari valley - petrological evidence of marine influence during the Permian. Proceedings National Academy Science India 63 (A), I, 149-166. Broom, R., Haughton, S.H., 1917.Some new species of Anomodontia (Reptilia). Annals of South African Museum 12 (5), 119–125. Huxley, T. H. 1868. On Saurosternon bainii, and Pristerodon mckayi, two new fossil lacertilian reptiles from South Africa. Geological Magazine 47:201-205. Kammerer, C.F., Bandyopadhyay, S., and Ray, S., 2016, A new taxon of cistecephalid dicynodont from the upper Permian Kundaram Formation of India. Papers in Palaeontology, 2, 569–584. King, G.M. 1992. The palaeobiogeography of Permian anomodonts. Terra Nova, 4: 633–640. Kutty, T. S. 1972. Permian reptile fauna from India: Nature, v. 237, p. 462-463. Owen, R. 1876. Descriptive and illustrative catalogue of the fossil Reptilia of South Africa in the collection of British Museum (Natural History). Taylor and Francis, London, 88 pp. Owen, R. 1879. On the endothiodont Reptilia with evidence of the species Endothiodon uniseries. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 35, 557–564. Ray, S., 1997. Some contributions to the Lower Gondwana stratigraphy of the Pranhita-Godavari valley, Deccan India. Journal Geological Society India 50 (5), 633-640. Ray, S. 2000. Endothiodont dicynodonts from the Late Permian Kundaram Formation, India. Palaeontology 43: 375-404. Ray, S. and Bandyopadhyay, S. 2003. Late Permian vertebrate community of the Pranhita-Godavari Valley, India. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 21: 643-654.